BlackGEM: the wide-field multi-band optical telescope array

Paul J. Groot,Steven Bloemen,Paul Vreeswijk,Peter Jonker,Danielle Pieterse, Arno Engels, Jeroen Michiels,Roy Bakker, Floris Hahn,Gert Raskin,Johan Morren,Ramon Navarro, Eddy Elswijk,Rik ter Horst, Menno Schuil, Jan Kragt, Dirk Lesman, Menno de Haan,Marielle Bekema, Rob de Haan,Marc Klein-Wolt,Nadia Blagorodnova,Cole Johnston,Rudolf Le Poole

Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes IX(2022)

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摘要
The BlackGEM array Phase I consists of three wide field, optical telescopes, located at the ESO La Silla Observatory, Chile. Each telescope is of a modified Dall-Kirkham design, using an 0.6m primary mirror and a 110 Mpix STA1600 CCD to give a 2.7 square degrees field-of-view sampled at 0.56 ''/pixel. Preliminary commissioning data shows performance on-par with design specifications. Data obtained with the BlackGEM prototype MeerLICHT highlights the capabilities of the design with a 5-sigma limiting magnitude of m(AB)=22.2 in 300s of integration under dark-sky conditions. Extrapolation to the 1 '' seeing-conditions expected at La Silla shows that the main goal of BlackGEM to probe down to m(AB)=23 in 300s can be met. The project suffered a 2-year COVID-19 delay. Commissioning of the array has currently been resumed and science operations are expected to start in Q3/Q4 of 2022. The science programs include the follow-up of gravitational wave alerts from LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA, a six-filter Southern Sky Survey, a Fast Synoptic Survey on selected fields, a Local Universe intra-night monitoring program and a inter-night single-band monitoring for slower transients.
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关键词
optical telescopes, synoptic surveys, gravitational waves, BlackGEM, MeerLICHT, transients, ESO La Silla
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