Latent Profile Analysis Identified COVID-19 ARDS Phenotypes in Thai Patients: Research Protocol and Preliminary Report

Background: Clinical heterogeneity was observed among COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS). The heterogeneity of disease was contributed to different clinical progression, responses to treatment, and mortality. Objective: We aim to study the phenotype and associated mortality of COVID-19 respiratory failure in Thai patients. Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective observational study. The data were collected in CARDS who received an invasive mechanical ventilator in ICU. Patient-related data were collected at admission before the onset of respiratory failure. The main features include demographics data, SOFA score, laboratory, CXR severity score, treatment during hospitalization, and the following data at the onset of respiratory failure during invasive mechanical ventilator. We also collected patients’ status at 28-day, in-hospital complications, and ventilator-free days at 28-day after intubation. The latent profile analysis was performed to identify distinct phenotypes. After identifying phenotypes, characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between phenotypes. The primary outcome was the phenotype and associated mortality of COVID-19 respiratory. Secondary outcomes include characteristics of phenotype, ventilator-free days, response to treatment, and complications in each phenotype. Discussion: This study aims to identify the phenotype of COVID-19SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Failure in Thai Patients The different phenotypes may be associated with varying responses to treatment and outcomes that the result of this study may be useful for determining treatment and predicted prognosis of COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Failure In Thai Patients. Ethics and dissemination: The study protocol was approved by the Institution Review Board of Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand (No. MURA2021/740). We plan to disseminate the results in peer-reviewed critical care medicine or pulmonology related journal, conferences nationally and internationally.