Artificial Intelligence—Enhanced Breast MRI and DWI: Current Status and Future Applications

One of the most promising areas of health innovation is the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in biomedical imaging. Medical imaging has always been an integral part of disease diagnosis and treatment decisions. With the possibility to use AI for image analysis to identify findings either detectable or not by the human eye, radiology is now moving from a subjective perceptual skill to a more objective science. With continuous advances in radiomics analysis and machine learning (ML), such as deep learning (DL), we are now on the cusp of providing more effective, more efficient, and even more patient-centric breast cancer care than ever before. In this chapter, we will begin with the basic concepts of radiomics, radiogenomics, and AI methodology in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The rest of the chapter will be devoted to reviewing AI-enhanced MRI as well as AI-enhanced diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), whereby we will present the current knowledge and future applications of AI-enhanced MRI and DWI in clinical practice and address their challenges and limitations.