Sensory Processing in Depression: Assessment and Intervention Perspective

Few studies have examined sensory processing in mood disorders, including depression. The interactions between sensory inputs and adaptive behaviour have yet to be clarified in this pathology. We assessed sensory profiles among people with major depressive disorder (MDD) with the Adult/Adolescent Sensory Profile scale and determined whether sensory processing patterns were associated with clinical variables such as anxiety, depression, psychomotor retardation or self-esteem. We compared 25 participants with MDD (MDD group) and 25 healthy controls (HC group) to identify sensory processing patterns (low registration, sensation seeking, sensory sensitivity and sensation avoiding). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation scale were used to assess depressive symptomatology. Both groups completed the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Frontal Assessment Battery and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory. The MDD group significantly differed from the HC group in each sensory processing patterns. They had higher low registration (p < 0.001), sensory sensitivity (p < 0.001) and sensation avoidance (p < 0.001) and lower sensation seeking (p = 0.005) than HC. Extreme sensory processing patterns in MDD patients were linked to depressive symptomatology, including anxiety. Sensory processing disorders should be assessed and taken into account when developing nondrug treatment strategies.