Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis among Shelter-Housed Felines in a Philadelphia Suburb

Simple Summary Cats serve as a host for a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. This parasite can infect other animal species, including humans, and, therefore, the study of toxoplasmosis is relevant to both human and animal health. In this study, we analyzed blood samples from 84 shelter-housed cats to determine if they had been exposed to T. gondii. Our results revealed that 28.6% of the cats in our study had been exposed to toxoplasmosis. This study serves as a pilot study for further investigation into the rates of toxoplasmosis infection in shelter-housed felines. Members of the Felidae family are the definitive host of the ubiquitous zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Few studies have been conducted to determine the epidemiology of T. gondii in domestic felines within animal shelter populations. The goal of this study was to assess seroprevalence in a limited-admission shelter in the greater Philadelphia area. Serum samples were collected from cats at a shelter in Media, Pennsylvania during the summer of 2018 to assess the proportion of the population that was IgM or IgG seropositive for antibodies against T. gondii, using a commercially available ELISA. Out of the 84 cats that were sampled, 24 cats were seropositive, giving a population prevalence of 28.6%. Nine cats were seropositive for IgM, nine were seropositive for IgG, and six were seropositive for both IgM and IgG. Based on our data, we found that a large percentage of this population was seronegative. Although the sample size in this study was limited and prevented us from obtaining statistically significant results, this research can serve as a pilot study for further investigations into the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among shelter-housed felines.