Efficient Access Control to Parking Space for Different Customer Segments

In urban areas, the number of parking spaces is limited and takes up valuable space that is also needed for other purposes. Demand-driven and systematic utilisation of parking spaces can help to gain the most out of available space. We propose a probability-based approach to control access to off-street parking lots. Our approach takes into account distinct offerings for different customer segments. Registered customers, who pay a monthly fee and have a guarantee of a free parking space at all times, and public customers, who pay according to their parking time. The latter is more profitable and needs to be maximized. We test our approach in a case study with a historic dataset and compare our results with the original control of access. Over two months, we could release on critical periods approximately 22% more parking spaces for public customers.