Evaluation of corrosivity and scaling properties of groundwater of Central Gujarat for industrial usage

Central Gujarat is a suburban and industrialized region. Here, groundwater has been chiefly employed for industrial utilities. Hence, there has been a strong requirement to evaluate the groundwater quality in terms of corrosivity as well as scaling. Seven indices, namely, corrosivity ratio ( CR ), Langelier saturation index ( LSI ), Ryznar stability index ( RSI ), Puckorius scaling index ( PSI ), Larson-Skold index ( LS ), Revelle index ( RI ) and chloride sulfate mass ratio ( CSMR ), have been applied to estimate the groundwater suitability for industrial purpose. The CR and RSI values indicate that the groundwater in 98.58% and 51%, respectively, of the total area is unsuitable for industrial purposes. The LSI and PSI values reveal that the groundwater in 97.87% and 56.2%, respectively, of the total area can cause scaling in plumbing equipment. According to LS , highly corrosive groundwater is found in 82.76% of the total area. Again, RI values display that groundwater of 97.67% of the total area has been marginally affected by salinity. All the groundwaters with CSMR values > 0.5 indicate promotion of galvanic corrosion in the water distribution network. Nevertheless, majority of the manifestations disclose that the groundwater of the Viswamitri River Basin region is unsuitable for industrial applications. Maintenance of pipelines in the water distribution network, corrosion and scaling prevention techniques, and regular groundwater quality assessment should be carried out for the management of groundwater quality. However, this study is necessary for decision makers and policy makers to strengthen the sustainable management of groundwater resources. A similar kind of assessment can be simulated everywhere on earth to assess groundwater qualitatively for industrial utilization.