Life Course Reproductive Dynamics Associated with Menopause in Ugandan Women Aged 40–49

Early menopausal onset can increase adverse health outcomes in later life; meanwhile, reproductive experiences before menopause may affect its timing. Framed by life course methodology, the study tested for independent and interdependent associations between reproductive history (contraception, age at first birth, parity, terminated pregnancy) and socioeconomic factors (education, wealth, rural–urban residence, cigarette use, marital status, age at first cohabitation) with the occurrence of early menopause.