KRG and its major ginsenosides do not show distinct steroidogenic activities examined by the OECD test guideline 440 and 456 assays

These results clearly demonstrate that there is no steroidogenic activity associated with KRG and no disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis by KRG. Additional tests will be performed in pursuit of cellular molecular targets of ginseng to manifest mode of action.