Phase I trial of the combination of ibrutinib and lenalidomide of the treatment of patients with MDS who have failed standard therapy or who are unfit for or refuse standard therapy

•The combination of ibrutinib with lenalidomide was tolerable in a small cohort of MDS patients.•Preliminary efficacy could not be assessed due to early study termination.•Further studies are needed to identify optimal dosing and explore potential benefit of this combination in MDS patients.