Thermodynamic analysis of a novel adsorption-type trans-critical compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system

•A novel adsorption-type trans-critical compressed CO2 energy storage system is proposed.•The low-pressure adsorption tank uses an adsorption strategy and significantly increases CO2 storage density.•The dynamic charging and discharging process of the high-pressure storage tank is examined.•The influence of key parameters on the volume of the high-pressure storage tank is investigated.•The system does not need to rely on thermal storage heat exchangers and large underground caverns.