Composition and morphology transition of NF/MnP/NiCoP composite electrode induced by charge/discharge activation

Combining in-situ Raman and ex-situ characterization techniques, the composition and morphology transition process of NF/MnP/NiCoP composite is observed at different charge/discharge cycles. The whole charge/discharge activation process is classified into three stages: composition transition of phosphides, the ordering of hydroxides, and the destruction of microstructure.