What's Good for Women Is Good for Science

Motivated by evidence that the largest differences in career outcomes arise within occupations, we examine a single occupation. With the support of the American Finance Association (AFA), we surveyed AFA members on the professional culture within finance. Individual experiences vary substantially, especially across men and women. Contrary to conventional narratives, differences in preferences play little role in explaining why women experience worse outcomes. Bias and discrimination have the largest effect. The consequences of non-inclusiveness extend beyond the personal to the entire field. Our findings suggest that institutions could potentially do more than they recognize to improve both diversity and science.