An Integrated Quantum Spin Control System in 180nm CMOS

Solid-state electron spins are key building blocks for emerging applications in quantum information science, including quantum computers, quantum communication links, and quantum sensors. However, solid-state spins are controlled using complex microwave pulse sequences, which are typically generated using benchtop electrical instruments. Integration of the required electronics will enable realization of a scalable low-power and compact optically addressable quantum system. Here, we report an integrated reconfigurable quantum control system, which is used to perform Rabi and Ramsey oscillation measurements for an NV center in diamond. The 180nm CMOS chip, fabricated within a footprint of 3.02mm ² , consumes 80 mW of power, and is capable of generating a tunable microwave signal from 1.6 GHz to 2.6 GHz modulated with a sequence of up to 4098 reconfigurable pulses with a pulse width adjustable from 10ns to 42ms and a pulse-to-pulse delay adjustable between 18 ns to 42m, at a resolution of 2.5 ns.