Klebsiella pneumoniae K2 producer of pyogenic liver abscess associated with biliary communication

Introduction: Hypervirulent strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae have gained clinical and epidemiological interest because of their capacity to cause severe and life-threatening infections. Methodology: We report a case involving infection with a hypervirulent K. pneumoniae K2 strain that caused liver abscess in a young woman with type 1 diabetes in Mexico. Results: The infection was found to be associated with biliary tract communication. The virulence factors and capsular serotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction analysis. After guided drainage and directed antibiotic treatment, the infection resolved and the patient recovered. Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by hypervirulent K. pneumoniae strains, together with the presence of comorbidity, such as diabetes are important factors that contribute to the development of liver abscess. Conclusions: The identification of virulent clones is important to understand the pathogenicity and improve control of infections in the patients.