Understanding the impact of waste disposal sites on soil quality for agricultural production: A case study of the Kiteezi landfill, Uganda

Leachate from waste disposal sites (WDS) can significantly affect the soil physical, chemical and biological qualities, reducing soil health and agricultural productivity. However, there is a paucity of data on soil quality for understanding soil health impact due to WDS in Uganda. This study's aim was to understand, using the Kiteezi landfill site, how WDS impact soil properties. Soil samples were collected over 4 months in and around the landfill from three locations, and the soil quality data of the nearby area were used as baseline data for assessing the impact on soil due to WDS in the area. There were significant increases in the concentration of all studied parameters at the landfill except total N. The concentrations of ammonium (14.84 +/- 1.76 mg/kg), nitrate (127.96 +/- 18.36 mg/kg), and pH (7.8) were above the optimum levels. The levels of available P (181.4 +/- 28.9 mg/kg) and exchangeable bases; K (2.23 +/- 0.24 mg/kg), Na (1.17 +/- 0.14 mg/kg), Mg (3.35 +/- 0.3 mg/kg) and Ca (14 +/- 1.1 mg/kg) cmol (+)/kg were optimal for plant growth. The calculated CEC of 20.75 cmol (+)/kg) showed that soils have a good potential to supply plant nutrients. Heavy metal levels were still below the permissible limit. Hence, the study shows that although WDS may contribute to the increase of soil fertility, they can potentially reduce the overall productivity of soil by increasing nutrient levels beyond optimum levels.