Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Range Enhancer - Part 1: Cyber-Physical Setup

Abstract Natural gas turbine combined cycles (GTCCs) are playing a fundamental role in the current energy transition phase towards sustainable power generation. The competitiveness of a GTCC in future electrical networks will thus be firmly related to its capability of successfully compensating the discontinuous power demands. This can be made possible by enhancing power generation flexibility and extending the operative range of the plant. To achieve this goal, a test rig to investigate gas turbine inlet conditioning techniques was developed at the TPG laboratory of the University of Genoa, Italy. The plant is composed of three key hardware components: a micro gas turbine, a butane-based heat pump, and a phase-change material cold thermal energy storage system. The physical test-rig is virtually scaled up through a cyber-physical approach, to emulate a full scale integrated system. The day-ahead schedule of the plant is determined by a high-level controller referring to the Italian energy market, considering fluctuations in power demands. By using HP and TES, it is possible to control the mGT inlet air temperature and thus enhance the operational range of the plant optimizing the management of energy flows. This article (Part 1) introduces the new experimental facility, the real-time bottoming cycle dynamic model, and the four-level control system that regulates the operation of the whole cyber-physical plant. The experimental campaign and the analysis of the system performance are presented in the Part 2.