Nanostructured TiO2 As Anode Material for Magnesium-Ion Batteries

The nanotubular structure of titanium dioxide (TiO2) is most suitable for creating high-performance energy storage and conversion devices. This paper reports on the synthesis of an array of nanotubes (NTs) from TiO2 by electrochemical anodization of titanium sheets using electrolytes based on fluorine and glycerol. The results of SEM and X-ray spectral analysis of the obtained material revealed the anatase phase of TiO2 nanotubes with an inner diameter of 96–150 nm and a length of 0.6 ± 0.1 μm. The electrochemical behavior of the resulting electrode was studied in a solution of Mg(TFSI)2 based on ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate (1/1). From the cyclic voltammograms, the diffusion coefficient and rate constant were determined to be 1.51·10−10 cm2·s−1, k = 1.55·10−10 cm·s−1 (reduction), respectively. The value of the Coulomb efficiency at low discharge current is higher (88%) than at high discharge current (56%). At a high discharge current (1C), it is noticeable that the charge capacity in the cathodic process is much higher than in the anodic process.