Association Between Circulating SerpinB1 Levels and Insulin Sensitivity in Japanese with Type 2 Diabetes: A Single-Center, Cross-Sectional, Observational Study

Plasma and liver SerpinB1 levels are elevated in mice with insulin resistance and promote β-cell proliferation in human islets. We measured serum SerpinB1 levels in Japanese subjects with or without type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We enrolled 12 normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 51 T2DM subjects. There was no difference in serum SerpinB1 levels between the 2 groups (T2DM, 1.3 ± 0.9 ng/mL vs. NGT, 1.8 ± 1.7 ng/mL; P = 0.146). After adjusting for age and sex, the serum SerpinB1 levels were positively correlated with HOMA2-%S (β = 0.319, P = 0.036), and negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose (β = -0.365, P = 0.010), total cholesterol (β = -0.396, P = 0.006), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (β = -0.411, P = 0.004), triglycerides (β = -0.321, P = 0.026), and γGTP (β = -0.322, P = 0.026) in subjects with T2DM. Thus, circulating SerpinB1 is possibly associated with insulin sensitivity and better blood glucose level in Japanese subjects with T2DM. Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000020453.