Three Weeks of Pulmonary Rehabilitation Do Not Influence Oscillometry Parameters in Postoperative Lung Cancer Patients

Background: Thoracic surgery is a recommended treatment option for non-small cell lung cancer patients. An important part of a patient’s therapy, which helps to prevent postoperative complications and improve quality of life, is pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). The aim of this study was to assess whether the implementation of physical activity has an influence on forced oscillation technique (FOT) values in patients after thoracic surgery due to lung cancer. Methods: In this observational study, we enrolled 54 patients after thoracic surgery due to lung cancer, 49 patients with idiopathic interstitial fibrosis (IPF), and 54 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma–COPD overlap (COPD/ACO). All patients were subjected to three weeks of in-hospital PR and assessed at the baseline as well as after completing PR by FOT, spirometry, grip strength measurement, and the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Results: We observed differences between FOT values under the influence of physical activity in studied groups, mostly between patients after thoracic surgery and COPD/ACO patients; however, no significant improvement after completing PR among FOT parameters was noticed in any group of patients. Improvements in the 6MWT distance, left hand strength, and right hand strength after PR were noticed (p < 0.001, 0.002, and 0.012, respectively). Conclusions: Three weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation had no impact on FOT values in patients after thoracic surgery due to lung cancer. Instead, we observed improvements in the 6MWT distance and the strength of both hands. Similarly, no FOT changes were observed in IPF and COPD/ACO patients after completing PR.