Hybrid Inverter and Control Strategy for Enabling the PV Generation Dispatch Using Extra-Low-Voltage Batteries

This paper proposes a dispatchable photovoltaic (PV) hybrid inverter for output power tracking without any dependency on the converter's efficiency and with no power closed loop. The system uses an extra-low-voltage battery energy storage system (BEES) based on a Li-ion battery pack to be applicable for use inside homes and other installations close to the end-user. A bidirectional isolated current-fed dual-active bridge (CF-DAB) converter associated with the batteries provides a wide conversion voltage ratio and ensures safety for the users. The proposed control system shares the DC bus voltage controller between the ac grid interfacing converter (AC-DC) and CF-DAB (DC-DC), eliminating the converter's efficiency in the reference equations. When dispatchable power is not required, or according to the user's request, the battery's charge/discharge current can be specified. A disturbance rejection technique avoids low-frequency current ripple on the battery side. It contributes to the battery's lifespan. Experimental results presenting the dc bus voltage control, current disturbance rejection, and power dispatching are included to validate the proposal.