Considerations of hybrid immunity and the future of adolescent COVID-19 vaccination.

Pre-licensure clinical trials for the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine showed high efficacy among adolescents.1 Similarly, post-licensure studies in this population found high mRNA vaccine effectiveness against both SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalisation during the pre-omicron period.2,3 However, emergence of the omicron variant in November, 2021, as well as later omicron subvariants, resulted in decreased COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness and more rapid waning of protection, particularly against infection.