Comparison of environmental DNA metabarcoding and bottom trawling for detecting seasonal fish communities and habitat preference in a highly disturbed estuary

•The numbers of fish species identified using eDNA metabarcoding (214) were 2.38 times those identified with bottom trawling (90).•eDNA metabarcoding can be applied to monitor the fish communities' spatial and temporal variability.•eDNA metabarcoding can reveal community-environmentrelationships in estuarine ecosystems.