Reward and inhibition in obesity and cigarette smoking: Neurobiological overlaps and clinical implications

•Obesity and cigarette smoking frequently co-occur, but little is known about the effect on neurocognitive function.•Both obesity and smoking lead to the dysregulation of dopamine reward circuits and hypoactivation in inhibitory control-associated brain regions.•Individuals comorbid for both obesity and smoking show altered function in inhibitory control neurobiology and differences in how this translates to behavior as compared to lean smokers.•The potentially complicating neurocognitive influence of increasing body mass index may make quitting smoking more difficult.