Green pathways for urea synthesis: A review from Australia's perspective

•Historical trend of the unsustainable fertilizer manufacturing should pursue greener pathways.•Green ammonia feedstock is critical but should be complemented with non-fossil CO2 sources.•Three potential non-fossil-fuel CO2 resources are discussed and evaluated in Australia.•Carbon-neutral CO2 from biomass, renewable methane, or direct air capture may fit the criteria.•Proper energy management systems are essential for process synchronization and optimization.