Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Four Viruses in Passion Fruit Plants by a Multiplex RT-PCR

A multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (multiplex RT-PCR) assay was developed to enable the simultaneous detection and differentiation of four viruses that infect passion fruit, citrus-associated rhabdovirus (CiaRV), East Asian Passiflora virus (EAPV), Passiflora latent virus (PLV), and Telosma mosaic virus (TeMV). The optimized parameters included the primer concentration, annealing temperature, extension time, and number of cycles. The established multiplex RT-PCR assay produced the corresponding products with sizes of 597 bp, 529 bp, 320 bp, and 235 bp, which were specific for CiaRV, EAPV, PLV, and TeMV, respectively. The fragments could be distinguished clearly by agarose gel electrophoresis. The detection limit of the assay was 100 pg of total RNA for CiaRV and EAPV, 10 pg of total RNA for PLV, and 1.0 ng of total RNA for TeMV. The multiplex RT-PCR assay was also tested using field samples, and the results showed that the developed assay could detect the viruses in single or multiple infections of passion fruit. The multiplex RT-PCR established here will be quite helpful for the diagnosis of passion fruit infected with various combinations of the four viruses in the field.