Pristine Metal–Organic Frameworks and their Composites for Renewable Hydrogen Energy Applications

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as ideal multifunctional platforms for renewable hydrogen (H-2) energy applications owing to their tunable chemical compositions and structures and high porosity. Their advanced component species and porous structure contribute greatly to the enhanced activity, electrical conductivity, photo response, charge-hole separation efficiency, and structural stability of MOF materials, which are promising for practical H-2 economy. In this review, we mainly introduce design strategies for the enhancement of electro-/photochemical behaviors or adsorption performance of porous MOF materials for H-2 production, storage, and utilization from compositional perspective. Following these engineering strategies, the correlation between composition and property-structure-performance of pristine MOFs and their composite with advanced components is illustrated. Finally, challenges and directions of future development of related MOFs and MOF composites for H-2 economy are provided.