Multivariate statistical analysis of trace elements in apatite: Discrimination of apatite with different origins

•Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) is used to classify apatite with different origins.•Granitoid-related, IOCG, IOA, orogenic Au, porphyry and skarn deposits are discriminated by apatite chemistry.•Apatite from igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks and carbonatite can be discriminated.•Low- and medium-grade metamorphic rocks can be separated from high-grade metamorphic rocks.•A flowchart for discriminating apatite with unknown origins is proposed and can be used in mineral exploration.