MPC-based Co-Optimization of an Integrated PV-EV-Hydrogen Station to Reduce Network Loss and Meet EV Charging Demand
ETRANSPORTATION(2023)
摘要
The growing electric vehicles (EVs) have introduced a large new load and transmission burden to distribution networks. To reduce the need to expand the distribution network, a co-optimization scheme is formulated to coordinate the operation of PV units, EVs and hydrogen fueling stations (HFSs) in networks. In the proposed optimization model, the flexibility of storage-based HFSs is modelled and deployed to reduce the mismatch between PV generation and charging demand. The comfort index is proposed for EV users to quantify the impacts of charging scheduling on EV users. The model predictive control (MPC) method is incorporated in the optimization model to reduce the deviation of the optimal results from the idea value in presence of uncertainties. The proposed MPC-based co-optimization scheme is formulated and aimed to reduce the network loss and enhance the comfort of EV users. To reformulate the nonlinear factors introduced by AC power follow constraints into tractable forms, the second-order cone optimization method is utilized. The proposed method is tested on a modified IEEE 33-bus system, and the results demonstrate that the proposed optimal scheme can reduce the transmission loss by 12% and enhance the comfort of EV users by 53% compared with the existing methods.
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关键词
Co-optimization,Distribution network,Electric vehicles,Hydrogen fueling station,Model predictive control
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