The non-oral infection of larval Echinococcus granulosus induces immune and metabolic reprogramming in the colon of mice.

Intraperitoneal infection with induced the pathological changes and functional reprogramming in the colon of mice, and mebendazole administration alleviated above alternations, highlighting the significance of the colon as a protective barrier against parasitic infection. The findings provide a novel perspective on host-parasite interplay and propose intestine as a possible target for treating parasitic diseases that are not transmitted orally.