Madhuca longifolia leaves-mediated palladium nanoparticles synthesis via a sustainable approach to evaluate its biomedical application

Recently, herbal medicinal plants have gained more attention worldwide to assimilate in an innovative nanomaterial’s fabrication. Therefore, this is the first report devoted to emphasizing the biogenic synthesis of palladium nanoparticles using Madhuca longifolia or Mahua leaves extract (MLE@PdNPs) for their biomedical applications. In this, we have used the herbal plant M. longifolia leaves as a bioreductant and capping agent. The structural and morphological features of synthesized MLE@PdNPs have been studied using different analytical techniques. Triangular sheet-like stable MLE@PdNPs have an average crystallite size of 16.22 nm with a face center cubic (fcc) structure which has been observed. The biological screening of MLE@PdNPs has been performed against the human lung cancer cells A549 and bacterial strains S. aureus , K. pneumonia , Salmonella, and E. coli. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC or IC-50) value against lung cancer cells A549 has been calculated 29.20 μg/ml. The IC-50 values have been calculated 26.01, 30.11, 32.12, and 35.16 μg/mL against S. aureus , K. pneumonia , Salmonella, and E. coli bacterial strains, respectively. The findings of the present work will become beneficial to expand the studies on the therapeutic potential of MLE@PdNPs in the future. Enthusiastically, MLE@PdNPs can be a promising material for formulating nanomedicine after subsequent clinical experiments. Graphical abstract