A longitudinal study of the relationships between sleep problems in autistic children and maternal mental health.

Autistic children experience increased the rates of sleep problems. These sleep problems have been associated with mother's mental health symptoms. However, the direction of these relationships is not well understood. This study investigated the relationships between autistic children's sleep problems and mothers' mental health over a 12-year period using data collected as part of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Data from 397 autistic children and their mothers were included in this study. Mothers completed a questionnaire about their own mental health and common childhood sleep problems at four time points from 4-5 years to 14-15 years. The results showed important relationships between mothers' mental health symptoms and child sleep problems at two time points. Specifically, (1) mothers' mental health symptoms when the child was aged 4 to 5 years predicted child sleep problems at age 6 to 7 years; and (2) child sleep problems at age 12-13 years predicted mothers' mental health symptoms when the child was aged 14 to 15 years. Interestingly, these significant relationships also coincide with key developmental transition time points, when the child is transitioning in and out of primary school. These findings highlight the need for increased support for both the child and mother at these times to optimise outcomes for both.