Modeling and Evaluating the Effects of Jamming Attacks on Connected Automated Road Vehicles

In this work, we evaluate the safety of a platoon of four vehicles under jamming attacks. The platooning application is provided by Plexe-veins, which is a cooperative driving framework, and the vehicles in the platoon are equipped with cooperative adaptive cruise control controllers to represent the vehicles' behavior. The jamming attacks investigated are modeled by extending ComFASE (a Communication Fault and Attack Simulation Engine) and represent three real-world attacks, namely, destructive interference, barrage jamming, and deceptive jamming. The attacks are injected in the physical layer of the IEEE 802.11p communication protocol simulated in Veins (a vehicular network simulator). To evaluate the safety implications of the injected attacks, the experimental results are classified by using the deceleration profiles and collision incidents of the vehicles. The results of our experiments show that jamming attacks on the communication can jeopardize vehicle safety, causing emergency braking and collision incidents. Moreover, we describe the impact of different attack injection parameters (such as, attack start time, attack duration and attack value) on the behavior of the vehicles subjected to the attacks.