Impact of Coach Behavior and Language on Child and Adolescent Mental Health

Mental illness has reached epidemic levels in children and adolescents, with an estimated 10-20% of youth experiencing mental health issues.Thus, it is imperative to understand what factors are influential in reducing mental illness in this population.One factor that improves mental health and reduces mental illness is physical activity.Within sport specifically, coaches are significant in dictating an individual's experience.This research study aimed to understand the impact of coaching behaviors and language on the mental health of children and adolescents.Research took place during a 6-week summer sports program called Gator Camp.Three groups of participants shared their perspectives on coaches' behaviors: 3 coaches, 9 parents who had children participating in the camp, and 25 Kinesiology (KIN) 696 students completing their community-based internship.Using a qualitative design, data was collected via open-ended questionnaires and analyzed through thematic analysis.The analysis yielded 5 high order themes: Supported a Positive Mental Health Progression, Balanced Use of Positive Reinforcement and Punishment Language, Coach and Counselor Energy Influences Kids' Energy, Development of Community, and Coach and Camp Negative Events.Results suggest coaches can positively benefit the mental health of children and adolescents through community development and usage of positive language.vi