Multistage Activation of Anthracite Coal-Based Activated Carbon for High-Performance Supercapacitor Applications

Copper-based halide perovskites have been considered as promising scintillators. However, they still cannot meet the requirement of low-dose-rate X-ray imaging in medical diagnosis. Herein, we design a fiber optic plate (FOP) coupled perovskite X-ray camera to reduce the dose rate toward dental X-ray imaging. Tl doped Cs3Cu2I5 prepared via molten salt reaction has a high light yield of 72,000 photons/MeV, resulting from Tl-1(0)/Tl-2(0)-self-trapped hole emissions. After FOP coupling, the pulp cavity, root canal, dentin and root canal file can be clearly observed under a low dose rate as low as 3 mu Gy(air) s(-1), which is absolutely lower than the required 5.5 mu Gy(air) s(-1) for commercial intraoral dental sensors. The realization of such a low dose rate is attributed to the high coupling efficiency of 75% for the FOP and the high brightness of 262 lm m(-2) for the scintillation screen. This designed portable X-ray camera shows its huge potential in intraoral dental X-ray imaging.