Tomato Chlorosis Virus (ToCV) Infection Induced the Resistance of Bemisia tabaci to Two Insecticides: Pyrethroids and Flupyradifurone

Insect vectors and insect-borne plant viruses seriously endanger the safety of agricultural production. An insecticide is one of the main methods to prevent insect-borne virus transmission. However, the curious relationship between the resistance of insect vectors and arboviruses has been less studied. In this study, the effect of Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) on the insecticide resistance of Bemisia tabaci MED was studied. It was found that the detoxification cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase, and carboxylesterase-related genes in ToCV-infected B. tabaci were upregulated. The activity of the three detoxification enzymes all increased at the same time, after 48 h of virus acquisition, with the activity of carboxylesterase being the most pronounced. It was found that cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase activity was the least. ToCV led to the reduced sensitivity of B. tabaci MED to pyrethroids and flupyradifurone. Therefore, it was proven that the insect-borne plant virus ToCV shows the possibility of enhancing insect-borne insecticide resistance.