Association of Brain Microstructure and Functional Connectivity With Cognitive Outcomes and Postnatal Growth Among Early School-Aged Children Born With Extremely Low Birth Weight.

This cohort study suggests that the forceps major of the corpus callosum and the superior parietal lobule were vulnerable regions in preterm infants. Preterm birth and suboptimal postnatal growth could have negative associations with brain maturation, including altered microstructure and functional connectivity. Postnatal growth may be associated with differences in long-term neurodevelopment among children born preterm.