Impact of Smoking Status and Nicotine Dependence on Academic Performance of Health Sciences Students.

Substance abuse and rehabilitation(2023)

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摘要
Smoking status and nicotine dependence were predictive of worsening academic performance, including lower GPA, higher absenteeism rate and academic warnings. In addition, there is a substantial and unfavorable dose-response association between smoking history and cigarette consumption with impaired academic performance indicators.
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关键词
academic performance,health sciences,nicotine dependence,smoking,student
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