A Novel Score to Estimate Thrombus Burden and Predict Intracranial Hypertension in Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis

Background Current methods to evaluate the severity of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) lack patient-specific indexes. Herein, a novel scoring method was investigated to estimate the thrombus burden and the intracranial pressure (ICP) of CVST. Methods In this retrospective study from January 2019 through December 2021, we consecutively enrolled patients with a first-time confirmed diagnosis of CVST by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography (CE-MRV) or computed tomography venography (CTV). In these patients, a comprehensive CVST-Score was established using magnetic resonance black-blood thrombus imaging (MRBTI) to estimate the thrombus burden semi-quantitatively. The relationship between CVST-Score and ICP was explored to assess the potential of using the CVST-score to evaluate ICP noninvasively and dynamically. Results A total of 87 patients were included in the final analysis. The CVST-Scores in different ICP subgroups were as follows: 4.29 +/- 2.87 in ICP<250mmH(2)O subgroup, 11.36 +/- 3.86 in ICP =250-330mmH(2)O subgroup and 14.99 +/- 3.15 in ICP>330mmH(2)O subgroup, respectively (p<0.001). For patients with ICP =330mmH(2)O, the CVST-Score was linearly and positively correlated with ICP (R-2=0.53). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed the optimal CVST-Score cut-off values to predict ICP =250mmH(2)O and >330mmH(2)O were 7.15 and 11.62, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated CVST-Score as an independent predictor of ICP =250mmH(2)O (odds ratio, 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.49-3.10; p<0.001). Conclusions A simple and noninvasive CVST-Score can rapidly estimate the thrombus burden and predict the severity of intracranial hypertension in patients with CVST. The CVST-Score can aid in evaluating therapeutic responses and avoiding unnecessary invasive procedures at long-term follow-up.