Skybox: Open-Source Graphic Rendering on Programmable RISC-V GPUs
ASPLOS 2023: Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 3(2023)
摘要
Graphics rendering remains one of the most compute
intensive and memory bound applications of GPUs and has
been driving their push for performance and energy efficiency
since its inception. Early GPU architectures focused only on
accelerating graphics rendering and implemented dedicated fixed-
function rasterizer hardware to speed-up their rendering pipeline.
As GPUs have become more programmable and ubiquitous in
other application domains such as scientific computing, machine
learning, graph analytics, and crypto-currency, generalizing
GPU microarchitectures for area and power efficiency becomes
necessary, especially for mobile and IoT devices. In this work,
we present Skybox, a full-stack open-source GPU architecture
with integrated software, compiler, hardware, and simulation
environment, that enables end-to-end GPU research. Using
Skybox, we explore the design space of software versus hardware
graphics rendering and propose and hybrid micro-architecture
that accelerates the state-of-the art Vulkan graphics API. Skybox
also introduces novel compiler and system optimizations to support
its unique RISC-V ISA baseline. We evaluated Skybox on high-
end Altera and also Xilinx FPGAs. We were able to generate and
execute a 32 cores (512 threads) Skybox graphics processor on
Altera Stratix 10 FPGA, delivering a peak fill rate of 3.7 GPixels at 230 MHz.
Skybox is the first open-source full-stack
GPU software and hardware implementation that supports the
Vulkan API
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