Improved breast lesion detection in mammogram images using a deep neural network

PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effect of using a deep neural network (DNN) in breast cancer (BC) detection. METHODS In this retrospective study, a DNN-based model was constructed from a total of 880 mammograms that 220 patients underwent between April and June 2020. The mammograms were reviewed by two senior and two junior radiologists with and without the aid of the DNN model. The perfor-mance of the network was assessed by comparing the area under the curve (AUC) and receiver operating characteristic curves for the detection of four features of malignancy (masses, calcifica-tions, asymmetries, and architectural distortions), with and without the aid of the DNN model and by the senior and junior radiologists. Additionally, the effect of utilizing the DNN on diagnosis time for both the senior and junior radiologists was evaluated. RESULTS The AUCs of the model for the detection of mass and calcification were 0.877 and 0.937, respective-ly. In the senior radiologist group, the AUC values for evaluation of mass, calcification, and asym-metric compaction were significantly higher with the DNN model than those obtained without the model. Similar effects were observed in the junior radiologist group, but the increase in the AUC values was even more dramatic. The median mammogram assessment time of the junior and senior radiologists was 572 (357-951) s, and 273.5 (129-469) s, respectively, with the DNN model, and the corresponding assessment time without the model, was 739 (445-1003) s and 321 (195-491) s, respectively. CONCLUSION The DNN model exhibited high accuracy in detecting the four named features of BC and effectively shortened the review time by both senior and junior radiologists.