Urethane functions can reduce metal salts under hydrothermal conditions: synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles on flexible sponges applied in semi-automated organic reduction

We report an additive-free one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of Au, Ag, Pd, and alloy AuPd nanoparticles (NPs) anchored on commercial polyurethane (PU) foams. While unable to reduce the precursor metal salts at room temperature, PU is able to serve as a reducing agent under hydrothermal conditions. The resulting NP@PU sponge materials perform comparably to reported state-of-the-art reduction catalysts, and are additionally very well suited for use in semi-automated synthesis: the NP anchoring is strong enough and the support flexible enough to be used as a 'catalytic sponge' that can be manipulated with a robotic arm, i.e., be repeatedly dipped into and drawn out of solutions, wrung out, and re-soaked.