Removal of curcumin dyes from aqueous solutions using carbon microparticles from jackfruit seeds by batch adsorption experiment

The purpose of this study was to examine the removal of dye from curcumin in an aqueous solution using carbon microparticles from jackfruit seeds via a batch adsorption experiment and their adsorption isotherm characteristics. The fabrication of carbon microparticles was prepared in several steps: (1) separating the seeds from jackfruit (2) washing jackfruit seeds, (3) carbonization of jackfruit seeds at 230 degrees C for 7 hours, (4) saw-milling process to obtain carbon particles, and (5) sieve analysis to obtain the specific size of carbon. To find out what happened to the adsorption process, we compared the adsorption results with 10 standard isotherm models, including Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Fowler-Guggenheim, Hill-Deboer, Jovanovic, Harkin-Jura, Flory-Huggins, and Halsey. In addition, carbon characterization was also carried out using an optical microscope and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The results revealed that several models, namely Jovanovic (R2 = 0.9383), Langmuir (R2 = 0.9159), Freundlich (R2 = 0.8509), and Halsey (R2 = 0.8509) are suitable for representing the adsorption equilibrium with coefficient correlation (R2) is close to 1. The adsorption capacity of carbon from jackfruit seeds is 909.0909 mg/g. This study's overall conclusion is that the adsorption process is monolayer, endothermic, profitable, and non-spontaneous. According to the findings, alternative carbon microparticles fabricated from jackfruit seeds can be used as an adsorbent to treat dye waste.