Soliton, blow up, and shock-like ion-acoustic waves in magnetized plasma at Venus’ ionosphere

The propagation properties of various nonlinear electrostatic structures, namely, soliton, shocklike, periodic, and explosive waves, are explored in a collision-less, magnetized, multi-component plasma relevant to Venus’ ionospheric plasma. According to the spacecraft in-situ measurements, the ionosphere (at altitudes ∼ 200–1000 km) primarily consists of hydrogen ( H^+ ) and oxygen ( O^+ ) ions as well as Maxwellian electrons. The nonlinear dynamics of these structures are described by the nonlinear Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation. The G'/G -expansion technique is employed to obtain a class of travelling wave solutions to describe the nonlinear structures of interest. The influence of plasma parameters on the basic features of these waves is discussed. The results show that the ions concentration and temperature affect the basic features (phase velocity, amplitude, and width) of the pulses. Moreover, it is found that the ionosphere supports both subsonic and supersonic compressive ion-acoustic waves.