A study on the performance of circular and rectangular submerged breakwaters using nun-uniform FGVT method

Submerged circular breakwaters are laid to a point at the bottom, simplifying their installation compared to the rigid rectangular ones. In the present study, numerical simulations were performed to evaluate the circular and rectangular submerged breakwaters transmission coefficient, changing different hydraulic/geometric effective parameters. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of various parameters on the transmission coefficient for different wave heights, water depths, and bed slopes. Numerical simulations were performed using a two-phase free surface flow model. Interface tracking was also performed using the modified fine grid volume tracking-volume of fluid (FGVT-VOF) method. Experimental measurements were employed to verify the numerical results, suggesting that the numerical model accurately predicts the transmission coefficient; thereby, the numerical results are useful for designing submerged breakwaters. An equation was finally derived to determine the transmission coefficient of the circular submerged breakwaters.