Optimal management of multiple water resources by a heuristic optimization for a water supply in the desert cities of Western Iraq

In the present study, two different cost-benefit functions in the related literature were compared to decide on optimum water resources for supplying the water of Rutba City, which is located in western Iraq within the administrative Anbar Province. One of the two objective functions is directly based on differences between daily incomes (water charge/m3) and expenses (electricity price of pump stations) (maximization) while another one is based on the distances and the piezometric head differences between the water resources and the city (minimization). The objective function used by Carini et al. [2] was modified by considering the pump flow. It was solved by the heuris-tic optimization model, which uses the modified clonal selection algorithm (the modified Clonalg), one of the artificial immune systems under the same constraints of the required daily water demand of the city, pump discharge capacities, and limits of withdrawing water from the water resources. After running the model, it was seen that the results of the objective function as a total daily net income obtained by Eryigit and Sulaiman [1] are better than the results of the modified func-tion of Carini et al. [2] (2,960 and 2,950 USD/d, 2,225 and 2,212.5 USD/d for the first and second six months of the year, respectively) for Rutba City in regards to the cost-benefit relationship.