A molybdenum disulfide/nickel ferrite-modified voltammetric sensing platform for ultra-sensitive determination of clenbuterol under the presence of an external magnetic field

The electrochemical behavior and sensing performance of an electrode modified with NiFe2O4 (NFO), MoS2, and MoS2-NFO were thoroughly investigated using CV, EIS, DPV, and CA measurements, respectively. MoS2-NFO/SPE provided a higher sensing performance towards the detection of clenbuterol (CLB) than other proposed electrodes. After optimization of pH and accumulation time, the current response recorded at MoS2-NFO/SPE linearly increased with an increase of CLB concentration in the range from 1 to 50 mu M, corresponding to a LOD of 0.471 mu M. In the presence of an external magnetic field, there were positive impacts not only on mass transfer, ionic/charge diffusion, and absorption capacity but also on the electrocatalytic ability for redox reactions of CLB. As a result, the linear range was widened to 0.5-50 mu M and the LOD value was about 0.161 mu M. Furthermore, stability, repeatability, and selectivity were assessed, emphasizing their high practical applicability.