Prognostic value of serum MMP-9 level in acute ischemic stroke patient

Purpose MMP-9 is reported to be a marker of severity and worse outcome after stroke. Despite the above information, there are very few studies based on the evaluation of role of follow-up estimation of serum MMP-9 in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of follow-up estimation of serum MMP-9 in the prognosis of AIS patients. MMP-9 levels were also compared with reported biomarkers viz. Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE), Glial specific protein (S100ββ) and Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4). Materials/methods MMP-9, NSE, and S-100ββ were measured in serum samples collected at admission and expired/discharge time of AIS patients (n=48) using commercially available ELISA kits. ITIH4 was measured using Indirect ELISA protocol. Results MMP-9 at admission (3639 ±1471) and discharged/expired (3707 ±1268) was significantly higher (p<0.05) in AIS patients as compared to healthy control subjects (749 ±302). Expired patients showed significantly (p<0.05) higher MMP-9 as compared to survivors. Similarly, follow-up MMP-9 at discharge was higher in AIS patients who expired within one year (75%; 3/4). The observed values of MMP-9 significantly correlates (p<0.05) with NSE (r=0.452), S-100ββ (r=0.452) and ITIH4 (r=-0.2027). Conclusions Follow-up measurement of serum MMP-9 may help to predict both short term and long term mortality in AIS patients. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement This study did not receive any funding ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: The protocol for this study was reviewed and approved by Institutional Ethics Committee of Central India Institute of Medical Sciences I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes All data produced in the present work are contained in the manuscript