Mobile Monitoring of Mood (MoMo-Mood) Pilot: A Longitudinal, Multi-Sensor Digital Phenotyping Study of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Healthy Controls

Mental disorders are a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. The surge in adoption of smartphones and other wearable devices has made it possible to use the data generated by them for clinical purposes. In particular, in psychiatry, detailed and high-resolution information on patient’s state, mood, and behavior can significantly improve the assessment, diagnosis and the treatment of patients. However, there is long path to turn the raw data created by these sensors, to information and insights that can be applied in clinical practice. Here, we introduce the MoMo-Mood Pilot: a study created to investigate the feasibility of using smartphones and wearables as data collection tools from subjects suffering from major depressive disorder. We collect data from 14 patients and 22 controls in two phases (active and passive). We demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring patients with several devices over short periods and passively monitoring them over long periods of time with minimal disruption in their daily activities. We identify and describe a series of challenges in this process. The MoMo-Mood pilot study is an encouraging step in the process of determining the effectiveness of using wearables for quantifying the behavior and the state of psychiatric patients with high temporal resolution, which can lead to their potential adoption in clinical practice. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement AT and TA acknowledge support from the Academy of Finland, project "Digital Daily Rhythms", No. 297195. TA acknowledges support from the James S. McDonnell Foundation. We also acknowledge the computational resources provided by the Aalto Science-IT project. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District (HUS), and was granted research permit by HUS Psychiatry. All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes The data is not openly available.