Quality of life after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation for chronic pancreatitis in Japan

Background Patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) often have severe and intractable abdominal pain, leading to decreased quality of life (QOL), inability to work or attend school, and increased health care costs due to repeated emergency room visits and hospitalizations. Methods We evaluated the efficacy of total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) in terms of pain control and QOL in CP patients treated at our center in Japan. To evaluate QOL, we used the Short-Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2((R)) Standard, Japanese), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), and Quality of Life Questionnaire-Pancreatic Modification (QLQ-PAN28). Results Between August 2016 and June 2019, we performed this procedure in 5 patients. All patients were followed up for 12 months and all transplanted islets were still functioning at the 1-year follow-up. The major adverse events were abdominal wall hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, intra-abdominal abscess, and abdominal pain requiring hospitalization; no case had sequelae. No major complications were due to islet transplantation. Pain scores improved postoperatively in all patients. Three QOL item dimensions role-physical (p = 0.03125), general health perception (p = 0.03125) and vitality (p = 0.03125) in the SF-36 were significantly improved 12 months after TPIAT. Mean values of many other QOL items improved, though not significantly. Conclusion The QOL improvement after TPIAT for CP suggests its effectiveness in the Japanese population.